EXPERIMENTAL VERIFICATION OF THE EFFECTIVENESS OF THE TRAINING PROGRAM FOR QUALIFIED ULTRAMARATHON RUNNERS SPECIALIZING IN ROAD RUNNING AT A DISTANCE OF 100 KM
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.32782/spectrum/2024-3-9Keywords:
athletics, training process, ultramarathon, training intensity distribution, functional preparedness, endurance training, means of trainingAbstract
Despite the growing popularity of running on distances over 42 km 195 m modern scientific and methodical sources contain limited data on the designing of the training process of ultramarathoners. In particular, it is important to compare the effectiveness of different models training intensity distribution (TID) in the macrocycle of ultramarathon training. The purpose of the research: experimental testing of efficiency of the program of the training process of qualified ultramarathoners in the macrocycle of preparation on the example of preparation for competitions in running on a distance of 100 km. Methods: analysis of scientific and methodical literature, pedagogical experiment, methods of mathematical statistics. The participants of the research (n = 20) were divided into the main and control groups groups (men, age 39 ± 5 years and 38 ± 5 years, respectively). The control group performed a training program based on a pyramidal TID model and used specific long run up to 6 hours. The main group performed a program that provided a polarized TID model in the general period and a pyramidal in the special period and used long run up to 3,5 hours. General volume was Results. There was no statistically significant difference in the results before and after the training program of the control group. The participants of the experimental group significantly improved their sports performance. There was a significant difference between the groups in terms of maximum oxygen consumption (Vo2max) (p = 0.023), velocity Vo2max (p = 0.01), velocity at the anaerobic threshold (AnT) (p = 0.013), velocity at the aerobic threshold (AT) (p = 0.006), as well as sports result (p = 0.015) and running speed (p = 0.017). Conclusions. When choosing a model of periodization, the approach in which the TID model changes from polarized in the general training period to pyramidal in the special training and competitive periods is more effective. When choosing training means, special attention should be paid to the Vo2max development, as well as to the velocity at Vo2max, AT and AnT. Specific The obtained data should be used by athletes and coaches when building training programs for ultramarathoners at distances of 50 km and 100 km.
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