TYPOLOGICAL DIFFERENCES IN THE FUNCTIONAL SUPPORT OF SPECIAL PERFORMANCE CAPACITY IN CANOEISTS

Abstract

The results of selecting rowers require clarification on the ways to realize the existing motor and energy potential in accordance with the characteristics of energy supply during training and competitive loads at the stage of preparation for higher achievements. The purpose. Justify the typological differences in the functional provision of special fitness for canoe paddlers to be taken into account in the process of orienting sports training. Methods: Ergometry, gas analysis, blood lactate concentration measurements, and methods of mathematical statistics. Results: Canoe rowers aged 17–18 years (n=28) were divided into three typological groups, each with differences in energy supply structure. Five rowers formed group “A”. The typological feature of this group is the dominance of aerobic energy supply for specialized working capacity: VO2 max – 5.4±0.3 l·min⁻¹; VO2 max / kg – 69.0±2.5 ml·min⁻¹·kg⁻¹; La VO2 max – 11.4±1.0 mmol·l⁻¹. Four rowers formed group “B”. The typological feature of this group is the dominance of anaerobic energy supply: La 30 – 8.8±0.5 ml·min⁻¹·kg⁻¹; La 90 – 14.4±0.5 ml·min⁻¹·kg⁻¹. Nineteen rowers formed group “C”. The typological feature of this group is the combined dominance of aerobic and anaerobic energy supply: VO2 max – 5.3±0.1 l·min⁻¹; VO2 max / kg – 66.0±0.1 ml·min⁻¹·kg⁻¹; La 30 – 7.3±0.6 mmol·l⁻¹; La 90 – 13.6±1.4 mmol·l⁻¹. Conclusions. Specific characteristics of aerobic and anaerobic power, as well as energy capacity, formed the substantial foundation for energy supply in the specialized working capacity of rowers from different typological groups. Differences in the structure of functional capabilities determined the priority directions for sports orientation and individualization of training and competitive loads based on typological features of energy supply function.