MODEL CHARACTERISTICS OF PHYSICAL FITNESS OF YOUNG GYMNASTS AT THE STAGE OF PRELIMINARY BASIC TRAINING

Abstract

Rhythmic gymnastics is a difficult and complex sport, which requires increased space-time coordination between body movements and apparatus handling and in which technical skill is constantly grown and defined the result of competitive activity. Searching for reserves to increase the effectiveness of managing the training process is required by high level of flexibility and technical execution in rhythmic gymnastics. The identification of necessary indicators and criteria for the physical fitness of athletes, which are used as a method of managing the training process, is widespread in various sports, but has not been found a proper basis in rhythmic gymnastics, so it is required further studying. Objective – to identify the characteristics of physical fitness of young female athletes, who specialize in rhythmic gymnastics at the stage of preliminary basic training, and to define a group model of development of motor skills for the given contingent of athletes. Materials and methods. 28 young gymnasts from the “SC OLYMPIC KIDS”, who are training at the stage of preliminary basic training, participated in the study. Research methods: analysis, synthesis, systematization, generalization, testing, statistical analysis, modeling. Results. In the article there are presented data that indicates the development of five physical qualities of gymnasts: flexibility, strength, speed, endurance and coordination abilities. Model characteristics of gymnasts’s physical fitness were identified and group model of the development of these abilities in rhythmic gymnasts was defined, using the obtained results. In the study the use of the modeling method is presented as an optimization factor in the process of managing the preparation of gymnasts, which will be a scientific basis for the development of the author’s optimization program for the prodress of their physical components.